This term refers to the increase in average temperature of the oceans and the air near Earth's surface, which has been observed increasingly in recent decades. People still debate whether the reason for the increase of this phenomenon is due to natural causes or anthropogenic, when they are caused by man.

But experts got to the consensus that human action actually influences the occurrence of the greenhouse effect, disrupting the energy balance on the planet and causing global warming.

The greenhouse effect is a process that occurs when a part of solar radiation reflected by the Earth's surface is absorbed by certain gases in the atmosphere. As a result, the heat is retained, not being released into space. Although it is harmful in excess, the greenhouse effect is indeed vital for survival on Earth as it is this phenomenon that maintains the ideal conditions for the maintenance of life, with milder temperatures and appropriate. On the other hand, the excess of greenhouse gases, which triggered global warming, is the great villain.

With the advent of the Industrial Revolution that began in Europe in the eighteenth century the pollution began to expand, making the layer of gases in the atmosphere thicker.

Globally, the exaggerated increase of the gas causes global warming, bringing catastrophic consequences. Therefore, this phenomenon can result in melting ice caps and glaciers, rising of the ocean and lakes, submerged islands and densely populated coastal areas, the overheating of the tropical and subtropical regions and helping to intensify the process of desertification and proliferation of insects that are harmful to human and animal health, the destruction of natural habitats, the disappearance of plant and animal species, the multiplication of droughts, floods and hurricanes, with a result of destruction and death.

Atualmente, as mudanças climáticas que presenciamos e as que são esperadas, devem ocorrer principalmente por causa do comportamento humano, por lançar na atmosfera gases causadores do efeito estufa em excesso. Com o desenvolvimento sócio-econômico e a produção em larga escala, os homens começaram a queimar combustíveis fósseis (carvão, petróleo, gás natural) maciçamente para abastecer veículos, desenvolver novas tecnologias, construir casas, produzir e vender produtos, e gerar energia. Essa queima lança à atmosfera gases de efeito estufa, sendo que um dos mais nocivos deles é o dióxido de carbono (CO₂). Alguns exemplos preocupantes são o excesso de veículos, as queimadas desenfreadas, as Indústrias inconsequentes e a fabricação dos Tijolos e Blocos convencionais que passam pelo processo de queima, tudo isso resulta na poluição do meio ambiente.

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) produced by the chemical industry are also gases that cause global warming, and destroy the ozone layer that protects Earth from harmful rays of the sun that are responsible for damage to vegetation and skin cancer in humans. Through an international agreement, the Montreal Protocol, which requires the elimination of all substances that deplete the ozone layer, CFCs have been banned from refrigerators, air conditioners and aerosols. With this task force, scientists expect a slow recovery of the ozone layer. The nitrous oxide (N ₂ O) is another important greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. Although the quantities released by human activity are not as big as carbon dioxide, the greenhouse gas emissions have been directed to the N ₂ O also. The very use of nitrogen fertilizer on crops releases vast amounts of N ₂ O, and he is also a byproduct of combustion.
Methane (CH ₄) accounts for one third of global warming and about 28% of global emissions of this gas come from livestock. Second report of November 2006 of the United Nation Food and Agriculture Organization - FAO, livestock affects the environment more than cars, since the cattle sends millions of tons of methane into the atmosphere, with rumination, enteric fermentation and manure. Methane is also released by burning natural gas, in flooded rice fields in landfills and dumps (decomposition of organic waste) in the sewage, the burning of coal and plant material, and others. Methane remains active in the atmosphere about 12 years.
According to data from the newsletter published by the World Meteorological Organization - WMO, a UN-linked, the average presence of CO ₂ recorded during 2005 in the atmosphere was 35.4% higher than it had in pre-industrial times. Since the concentration of nitrous oxide increased 18.2% since the 17th century, which was generated mainly by burning fossil fuels, biomass, the use of fertilizers and industrial processes, methane in the atmosphere increased by 154.7% since the beginning of the industrial age.
 

Among all greenhouse gases mentioned, the CO ₂ is the largest contributor to global warming, because it stays in the atmosphere for a long time, about 100 years.

Carbon dioxide is responsible for more than 80% of the pollution that creates global warming. Today, atmospheric levels of CO ₂ are greater than at any other time in the past 420 thousand years. Around 97% of CO ₂ emitted by industrialized countries of the West comes from burning coal, oil and gas used to produce energy. According to the NGO WWF - Brazil, about 23 billion tons of CO ₂ emissions are released into the atmosphere annually or more than 700 tons per second.
It is like a blanket of gases that is getting increasingly thick, which makes the planet hotter, causing several negative impacts on people and nature. The increase of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere just joining in this blanket in the atmospheric layer, which results in too much heat captured by the globe. This causes global warming, causing global temperatures to rise further and cause climate change, triggering devastating consequences of the existence of the species. Therefore, environmental awareness is of paramount importance to sustaining life on earth.

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Industry Eco Máquinas daily fights against global warming, stimulating awareness, promoting educational actions and Social and Environmental Responsibility.

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